Java and its features

Overview:

let us disscuss about java language,features and its disadvantage.

What is Java?

Java is a general-purpose, class-based, object-oriented programming language designed for having lesser implementation dependencies. It is a computing platform for application development. Java is fast, secure, and reliable, therefore. It is widely used for developing Java applications in laptops, data centers, game consoles, scientific supercomputers, cell phones, etc.

History of java:

Java was created by Sun Microsystem .The James Gosling led a team of researchers to create a new language that would allow consumer electronic devices to communicate with each other. Work on the language began in 1991, and before long ago the team’s focus changed to a new way, the World Wide Web. Java was first released in 1995, and Java’s ability to provide interactivity and multimedia showed that it was particularly well suited for the Web.

Then late 1990s Java had brought multimedia to the Internet and started to grow beyond the Web, powering consumer devices such as cellular Telephone, retail and financial computers, and even the onboard computer of NASA’s Mars exploration rovers. Because of this popularity, Sun created different varieties of Java for different purposes, including Java SE for home computers, Java ME for embedded devices(may be or may not be able to connect to the Internet)and Java EE for Internet servers and supercomputers. In year 2010 the Oracle Corporation took over the management of Java when it acquired Sun Microsystems. The similarity in names, the Javascript language that was designed to run in Web browser its not part of Java.

The difference between the Java and other programming languages:

The difference between the way Java and other programming languages worked was revolutionary. Code in other languages is first translated by a compiler into instructions for a specific type of computer. The Java compiler instead turns code into something called Bytecode, which is then interpreted by software called the Java Runtime Environment (JRE), or the Java virtual machine. The JRE acts as a virtual computer that interprets Bytecode and translates it for the host computer. Because of this, Java code can be written the same way for many platforms (“write once, run anywhere”), which helped lead to its popularity for use on the Internet, where many different types of computers may retrieve the same Web page.

JDK:

Features of java:

1.Simple and Familiar:

Java programming language is simple to learn, understand, read, and write. Java programs are easy to create and implement compared to other programming languages such as C and C++. If you are familiar with the basic principles of programming or the concept of OOP (object-oriented programming), it would be easy to master Java.

2.Compiled and Interpreted:

Usually, a computer language can be either compiled or interpreted. Java integrates the power of Compiled Languages with the flexibility of Interpreted Languages.

Java compiler (javac) compiles the java source code into the bytecode.

Java Virtual Machine (JVM) then executes this bytecode which is executable on many operating systems and is portable.

The diagram below shows the above process:

3.Object-oriented:

Java is an object-orientedprogramming language. Everything in Java is an object. Object-oriented means we organize our software as a combination of different types of objects that incorporate both data and behavior.

Object-oriented programming (OOPs) is a methodology that simplifies software development and maintenance by providing some rules.

Basic concepts of OOPs are:

4.High Performance:

Java offers high performance as it used the JIT (Just In Time) compiler. The compiler only compiles that method which is being called. The JIT enhances the performance of interpreting byte code by caching interpretations.

5.Secure:

When it comes to security, Java is always the first choice. With java secure features it enable us to develop virus free, temper free system. Java program always runs in Java runtime environment with almost null interaction with system OS, hence it is more secure.

6.Architectural Neutral:

Compiler generates bytecodes, which have nothing to do with a particular computer architecture, hence a Java program is easy to intrepret on any machine.

7.Portable:

Java is portable because it facilitates you to carry the Java bytecode to any platform. It doesn’t require any implementation.

8.Robust:

The English mining of Robust is strong. Java is robust because:

It uses strong memory management.
There is a lack of pointers[TBD] that avoids security problems.
Java provides automatic garbage collection which runs on the Java Virtual Machine to get rid of objects which are not being used by a Java application anymore.[TBD]
There are exception handling and the type checking mechanism in Java. All these points make Java robust.[TBD]

9.Multi Threading:

Java multithreading feature makes it possible to write program that can do many tasks simultaneously. Benefit of multithreading is that it utilizes same memory and other resources to execute multiple threads at the same time, like While typing, grammatical errors are checked along.

10.Dynamic and Extensible:

Java is dynamic and extensible means with the help of OOPs, we can add classes and add new methods to classes, creating new classes through subclasses. This makes it easier for us to expand our own classes and even modify them.

11.Platform Independence:

Java has a philosophy called WORA (Writing Once, Run Anywhere). Java code is compiled into an intermediate format, called bytecode, which is to be executed in the JVM (Java Virtual Machine). Any system that runs a JVM is able to execute the Java code.

12.Distributed:

Java is designed for the distributed environment of the internet.

Disadvantages of Java:

1. Java is slow and has a poor performance:

Java is memory-consuming and significantly slower than native languages such as C or C++. It is also slow compared to other languages like C and C++ because each code has to be interpreted to the machine level code.

This slow performance is due to the extra level of compilation and abstraction by the JVM. Moreover, sometimes the garbage collector leads in the poor performance of Java as it consumes more CPU time

2. Java provides not so attractive look and feels of the GUI:

Though there are many GUI builders in Java for creating the graphical interface still they are not suitable for creating complicated UI. There are many inconsistencies while using them.

There are many popular frameworks such as Swing, SWT, JavaFX, JSF for creating GUI. But they are not mature enough to develop a complex UI. Choosing one of them which can be suitable for you may require additional research.

3. Java provides no backup facility:

Java mainly works on storage and not focuses on the backup of data. This is a major drawback that makes it lose the interest and ratings among users.

4. Java requires significant memory space:

Java requires a significant or major amount of memory space as compared to other languages like C and C++. During the execution of garbage collection, the memory efficiency and the performance of the system may be adversely affected.

5. Verbose and Complex codes:

Java codes are verbose, meaning that there are many words in it and there are many long and complex sentences that are difficult to read and understand. This can reduce the readability of the code.

Java focuses on being more manageable but at the same time, it has to compromise it with the overly complex codes and long explanations for each thing.

reference:

https://www.naukri.com/learning/articles/features-of-java-programming-language/

https://hackr.io/blog/features-of-java

https://techvidvan.com/tutorials/pros-and-cons-of-java/

https://www.studytonight.com/java/features-of-java.php

https://www.javatpoint.com/features-of-java

https://www.britannica.com/technology/Java-computer-programming-language

https://techvidvan.com/tutorials/features-of-java-programming-language/

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